If a pair of a particular species of organism, one male and one female, were observed to remain in close proximity to each other and mated only with their partner, the relationship was termed monogamous, no distinction being made between the social and reproductive aspects of the behavior. In the Western world, the term "monogamy" is typically assumed to mean "having only one mate," often being related to the concept of only having that one mate for life (which, in and of itself, is not a necessarily consequence of monogamy). Indeed, the ideas of what a "nuclear family" should be and what monogamy means in nature have been heavily influenced by the culture and moral sense Western scientists have brought to their work in the past, but the reality of gibbon monogamy is much more complex (and startlingly familiar) than has been understood previously. The pair will call out, staking their claim in the forest, often answered by neighboring pairs, their treetop display the result of much practice so that the pair can get things "just right." In order to achieve an effective display the two gibbons need to form a pair bond, but the strength and permanence of the pair-bond between these apes has long been obscured by the sociological biases of the scientists studying them.
Some mornings in the forests of Indonesia, a male and female gibbon will perform a musical duet. A brief clip of a Siamang ( Symphalangus syndactylus) vocalizing.
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